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Bell Laboratories
Bell Laboratories, a storied research and development laboratory, was responsible for such seminal inventions as the integrated circuit, the transistor and the laser, as well as thousands of other inventions and technologies.
Also known as Bell Labs, the company was formerly known as AT&T Bell Laboratories and Bell Telephone Laboratories. It was originally constituted in 1925 as a subsidiary of the American Telephone & Telegraph Company. It went through a series of transformations and name changes as the dismantling of the Bell System was followed by a period of intense, complex mergers and acquisitions in the telecom industry in the 1980s and 1990s. Bell Labs eventually became a subsidiary of Alcatel-Lucent, which closed the division in 2008.